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Alert phase. A situation wherein apprehension exists as to the
safety of an aircraft and its occupants.
Distress phase. A situation wherein there is a reasonable
certainty that an aircraft and its occupants are threatened by
grave and imminent danger and require immediate assistance.
Ditching. The forced landing of an aircraft on water.
Emergency phase. A generic term meaning, as the case may
be, uncertainty phase, alert phase or distress phase.
Joint rescue coordination centre (JRCC). A rescue
coordination centre responsible for both aeronautical and
maritime search and rescue operations.
Operator. A person, organization or enterprise engaged in or
offering to engage in an aircraft operation.
Pilot-in-command. The pilot designated by the operator, or in
the case of general aviation, the owner, as being in command
and charged with the safe conduct of a flight.
Rescue. An operation to retrieve persons in distress, provide
for their initial medical or other needs, and deliver them to
a place of safety.
Rescue coordination centre (RCC). A unit responsible for
promoting efficient organization of search and rescue services
and for coordinating the conduct of search and rescue
operations within a search and rescue region.
Rescue subcentre (RSC). A unit subordinate to a rescue
coordination centre, established to complement the latter
according to particular provisions of the responsible
authorities.
Search. An operation normally coordinated by a rescue
coordination centre or rescue subcentre using available
personnel and facilities to locate persons in distress.
Annex 12 — Search and Rescue Chapter 1
25/11/04 1-2
Search and rescue aircraft. An aircraft provided with
specialized equipment suitable for the efficient conduct of
search and rescue missions.
Search and rescue facility. Any mobile resource, including
designated search and rescue units, used to conduct search
and rescue operations.
Search and rescue service. The performance of distress
monitoring, communication, coordination and search and
rescue functions, initial medical assistance or medical evacuation,
through the use of public and private resources,
including cooperating aircraft, vessels and other craft and
installations.
Search and rescue region (SRR). An area of defined dimensions,
associated with a rescue coordination centre, within
which search and rescue services are provided.
Search and rescue unit. A mobile resource composed of
trained personnel and provided with equipment suitable for
the expeditious conduct of search and rescue operations.
State of Registry. The State on whose register the aircraft is
entered.
Uncertainty phase. A situation wherein uncertainty exists as
to the safety of an aircraft and its occupants.
ANNEX 12 2-1 25/11/04
CHAPTER 2. ORGANIZATION
2.1 Search and rescue services
2.1.1 Contracting States shall, individually or in
cooperation with other States, arrange for the establishment
and prompt provision of search and rescue services within
their territories to ensure that assistance is rendered to persons
in distress. Such services shall be provided on a 24-hour basis.
2.1.1.1 Those portions of the high seas or areas of undetermined
sovereignty for which search and rescue services will
be established shall be determined on the basis of regional air
navigation agreements. Contracting States having accepted the
responsibility to provide search and rescue services in such
areas shall thereafter, individually or in cooperation with other
States, arrange for the services to be established and provided
in accordance with the provisions of this Annex.
Note.— The phrase “regional air navigation agreements”
refers to the agreements approved by the Council of ICAO
normally on the advice of Regional Air Navigation Meetings.
2.1.1.2 Basic elements of search and rescue services shall
include a legal framework, a responsible authority, organized
available resources, communication facilities and a workforce
skilled in coordination and operational functions.
2.1.1.3 Search and rescue services shall establish
processes to improve service provision, including the aspects
of planning, domestic and international cooperative arrangements
and training.
2.1.2 In providing assistance to aircraft in distress and to
survivors of aircraft accidents, Contracting States shall do so
regardless of the nationality or status of such persons or the
circumstances in which such persons are found.
2.1.3 Contracting States having accepted responsibility to
provide search and rescue services shall use search and rescue
　
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