曝光臺 注意防騙 網曝天貓店富美金盛家居專營店坑蒙拐騙欺詐消費者

c) flights through areas of complex ATS routes or airspace Note.- The name may be that of the air traffic services
structure. centre, the name of the largest city or town situated in the area
covered by the chart or the name of the city that the
Note.- The function described in 8.1 c) may be satisfied by aerodrome serves. Where more than one aerodrome serves the
a separate chart or an inset on an Enroute Chart - ICAO. city or town, the name of the aerodrome on which
the procedures are based should be added.
8.2 Availability
8.2.1 The Area Chart - ICAO shall be made available in
the manner prescribed in 1.3.2 where the air traffic services
routes or position reporting requirements are complex and
cannot be adequately shown on an Enroute Chart - ICAO.
8.2.2 Where air traffic services routes or position
reporting requirements are different for arrivals and for
departures, and these cannot be shown with sufficient clarity
on one chart, separate charts shall be provided.
Note.- Under certain conditions a Standard Departure
Chart - Instrument (SID) - ICAO and a Standard Arrival
Charr - Instrument (STAR) - ICAO may have to be provided
(see Chapters 9 and 10).
8.3 Coverage and scale
8.3.1 The coverage of each chart shall extend to points
that effectively show departure and anival routcs.
8.3.2 The chat shall be drawn to scale and a scale-bar
shown.
8.4 Projection
8.4.1 Kecomn~endation.- A conformal projection on
which a straight llne approximates a great circle should be
wed.
8.6 Culture and topography
8.6.1 Generalized shorelines of all open water areas, large
lakes and rivers shall be shown except where they conflict
with data more applicable to the function of the chart.
8.6.2 Recommendation.- To improve situational
awareness in areas where significant relief exists, all relief
exceeding 300 m (I 000fi) above the elevation of the primary
aerodrome should be shown by smoothed contour lines,
contour values and layer tints printed in brown. Appropriate
spot elevations, including the highest elevation within each top
contour line, should be shown printed in black. Obstacles
should also be shown.
Note 1.- The next higher suitable contour line appearing
on base topographic maps exceeding 300 m (1 000 fi) above
the elevation of the primary aerodrome may be selected to
start layer tinting.
Note 2.- An appropriate brown coloul; on which half-tone
layer tinting is to be based, is specijied in Appendix 3 -
Colour Guide for contours and topographic features.
Note 3.- Appropriate spot elevations and obstacles are
those provided by the procedures specialist.
8.7 Magnetic variation
8.4.2 Parallels and meridians shall be shown at suitable The average magnetic variation of the area covered by the
intervals. chart shall be shown to the nearest degree.
ANNEX 4 2511 1/04
No. 53
Annex 4 - Aeronautical Charts Chapter 8
8.8 Bearings, tracks and radials
8.8.1 Bearings, tracks and radials shall be magnetic,
except as provided for in 8.8.2.
8.8.2 Recommendation.- In areas of high latitude,
where it is determined by the appropriate authority that
reference to Magnetic North is impractical, another
suitable reference, i.e. True North or Grid North, should be
used.
3) terminal radio aids which are required for outbound
and inbound traffic and for holding patterns;
4) the lateral and vertical limits of all designated airspace
and the appropriate class of airspace;
5) holding patterns and terminal routings, together with
the route designators, and the track to the nearest
degree along each segment of the prescribed airways
and terminal routings;
8.8.3 Where bearings, tracks or radials are given with
reference to True North or Grid North, this shall be clearly 6) all significant points which define the terminal routings
indicated. When Grid North is used, its reference grid and are not marked by the position of a radio navigation
meridian shall be identified. aid, together with their name-codes and geographical
coordinates in degrees, minutes and seconds;
8.9 Aeronautical data
8.9.1 Aerodromes
7) in respect of waypoints defining VORIDME area
navigation routes, additionally,
a) the station identification and radio frequency of the
reference VOlUDME;
All aerodromes which affect the terminal routings shall be
shown. Where appropriate a runway pattern symbol shall be b) the bearing to the nearest tenth of a degree and the
used. distance to the nearest two-tenths of a kilometre
8.9.2 Prohibited, restricted and danger areas
(tenth of a nautical mile) from the reference
VOlUDME, if the waypoint is not collocated
　
中國航空網 m.k6050.com
航空翻譯 www.aviation.cn
本文鏈接地址：ICAO 附件4 Aeronautical Charts an04_10ed_amend_53(19)