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K
Keel 2-2
L
Landings
confined area 6-7
crosswind 6-3
downwind 6-5, 8-4
emergency 6-8, 7-8
frozen lakes and rivers 7-6
glaciers 7-6
glassy water 6-5
helicopter 9-4, 9-8
night landing 6-8, 7-8, 8-5, 8-6
normal 6-3
open sea 8-1
rough water 6-7, 8-1, 9-5
skiplane 7-6, 7-7
tundra 7-6
Launching 4-3
Lighting conditions 7-6
Limitations of sea rating 1-1
M
Marine aids for navigation 1-2
Mooring 6-8, 6-9, 9-6
N
Night operations 6-8, 8-5, 8-6
Noise 3-4, 4-12, 6-2
Normal takeoff 4-12
O
On the step 4-4, 6-2
P
Parking 7-7
Passenger briefing 4-3
Penetration ski 7-2
Plain ski 7-1
Planing position 4-4
Plow turn 4-6, 4-7
Plowing position 4-4
Pop-out floats 9-1
Porpoising 4-9, 5-3
Preflight inspection
seaplane 4-1
skiplane 7-3
float equipped helicopter 9-3
ski equipped helicopter 9-7
Privileges and Limitations 1-1
R
Ramping 6-8, 6-10
Regulations 1-1
Retractable ski 7-1
Right-of-way rules 1-2
Roll-on ski 7-1
Rough water 4-16, 6-7, 8-1, 9-5
Rules of the Sea 1-2
Runup 4-12
Runup (skiplane) 7-4
S
Sailing 4-8, 4-9
Seaplane defined 2-1
Seaplane landing areas
beacons 1-2
chart symbols 1-2
reconnaissance 6-1
restrictions 3-4
unplanned 5-2
Sister keelsons 2-2
Skeg 2-2, 2-4
Ski types 7-1
Skids-on-floats 9-1, 9-6
Skipping 4-10
Snow types 7-2
Sponson 2-1
Spray damage 4-1
Spray rail 2-2, 4-2
Starting
seaplane 4-3
skiplane 7-4
helicopter 9-3, 9-7
Step 2-3, 4-4
Step position 4-4
Step taxi 4-5, 6-3
Step turns 4-7
Survival equipment 7-3, 7-4, 7-8
Swell 3-2, 4-9, 6-2, 6-7, 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5
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T
Takeoffs
normal 4-12
crosswind 4-12
downwind 4-14
helicopter 9-4, 9-7
glassy water 4-15
rough water 4-16, 8-1
confined area 4-16
skiplane 7-5
Taxiing
seaplane 4-3
skiplane 7-5
float equipped helicopter 9-3
ski equipped helicopter 9-7
Tides 3-3
Tip floats 2-1
Transom 4-2
Turns 4-5, 4-6, 4-7
Types of ice 7-2
Types of snow 7-2
W
Warmup (skiplane) 7-4
Water current 3-2, 4-8, 4-9, 6-5
Water rudders 2-4, 4-2, 4-5, 4-12, 4-14,
Water, characteristics 3-1, 8-1
Watertight compartments 2-3, 4-2
Waves 3-1, 6-3,
Weathervaning 3-4, 4-5, 4-6, 4-13, 6-3
Weight and balance 4-1, 5-1
Wheel replacement ski 7-1
Wing floats 2-1
Y
Yaw instability 2-4, 4-6, 5-2, 9-2
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Index.qxd 8/25/04 11:36 AM Page I-4

1-1
PRIVILEGES AND LIMITATIONS
In general, the privileges and limitations of a seaplane
rating are similar to those of the equivalent land rating.
The same standards and requirements apply as for
comparable landplane certificates.
While it is possible for a student to use a seaplane to
obtain all the flight training necessary to earn a pilot
certificate, and many pilots have done so, this publication
is intended primarily for pilots who already hold
airman certificates and would like to add seaplane
capabilities. Therefore, this chapter does not address
pilot certificate requirements, regulations, or procedures
that would also apply to landplane operations.
Information on regulations not directly related to water
operations is available in other Federal Aviation
Administration (FAA) publications.
For certification purposes, the term “seaplane” refers
to a class of aircraft. A pilot requires additional training
when transitioning to a seaplane. Ground and flight
training must be received and logged, and a pilot must
pass a class rating practical test prior to initial operations
as pilot in command. This training requires the
use of an authorized flight instructor to conduct such
training and attest to the competency of a pilot prior to
taking the practical test. Because the seaplane rating is
part of an existing pilot certificate, the practical test is
not as extensive as for a new pilot certificate, and covers
only the procedures unique to seaplane operations.
No separate written test is required for pilots who are
adding seaplane to an existing pilot certificate.
Adding a seaplane rating does not modify the overall
limitations and privileges of the pilot certificate. For
example, private pilots with a seaplane rating are not
　
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