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Includes the following sub-categories:
 Situational Awareness: Factors related to a person’s cognitive awareness of the aircraft in relation to operational and environmental conditions.
 Spatial Disorientation/Illusions: Factors related to a person’s perception of the orientation of the aircraft including but not limited to the false perception of one’s vestibular or visual cues.
Usage Notes:
 This category includes factors relating to an individual’s awareness of their working environment as well as their sense of body position or aircraft attitude. Behaviors related to situational awareness include an individual’s perception of the conditions or changes in their operational environment and are often described in relation to decisionmaking or actions. Behaviors related to spatial disorientation are typically cited as the result of false perception and perceptual phenomenon.
 Situational Awareness includes the loss or incomplete perception of or change to elements present in an individual’s operational environment. This factor may be related to an individual’s limited perceptions of their operational environment as well as their ability to maintain a high level of vigilance of a range of elements.
 Spatial Disorientation/Illusions includes false perception of the aircraft’s attitude or orientation. This factor may include vestibular illusions that can include but are not limited to coriolis vestibular illusion, giant-hand vestibular illusion, somatogravic/acceleration vestibular, graveyard spin, and the leans.
 Spatial Disorientation/Illusions can also include visual illusions such as black hole illusions, landing visual illusions, geometric perspective visual illusion, or autokinesis visual illusion.
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PHYSICAL/SENSORY (PHYS)
Factors related to a person’s physical or sensory characteristics, abilities, limitations, or behaviors.
Includes the following sub-categories:
 Physical Characteristics: Factors related to a person’s physical characteristics, anthropometrics, and physical limitations.
 Sensory Ability/Limitation: Factors related to a person’s sensory abilities and limitations, not including psychological or visual/vestibular illusions.
 Impairment/Incapacitation: Factors contributing to the impairment or incapacitation of a person’s facilities due to medical, physiological or substance-induced conditions. This excludes visual and vestibular illusions.
 Health/Fitness: Factors related to a person’s general health, fitness, and lifestyle.
 Fatigue/Alertness: Factors related to both mental and physical fatigue that leads to diminished productivity, alertness, or efficiency.
Usage Notes:
 This category is used to address physical and sensory characteristics, as well as adverse physiological conditions that can affect operator performance such as illness, health, fatigue, and alertness.
　
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