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shall be less than 10 microseconds.
3.11.4.6.2.3.1 If desired, it shall be permissible to sequentially transmit two pulses in each out-of-coverage indication
time slot. Where the pulse pairs are used, the duration of each pulse shall be at least 50 microseconds and the rise and fall
times shall be less than 10 microseconds.
3.11.4.6.2.3.2 The transmissions of out-of-coverage indication pulses radiated from antennas with overlapping
coverage patterns shall be separated by at least 10 microseconds.
3.11.4.6.2.4 Ground radiated test signals
Note.— Time has been reserved in the azimuth angle guidance signal formats for the future use of a ground radiated test
signal.
3.11.4.6.2.5 Clearance guidance. Where the proportional guidance sector provided is less than the minimum coverage
specified in 3.11.5.2.2.1.1 a) and 3.11.5.2.2.2 a), clearance guidance shall be provided to supplement the coverage sector by
the transmission of fly-left/fly-right clearance pulses in the formats for the approach azimuth, high rate approach azimuth and
back azimuth functions. Alternatively, it shall be permissible to provide clearance guidance by permitting the scanning beam
to scan beyond the designated proportional guidance sector to provide fly-left or fly-right clearance information as
appropriate when the decoded angle exceeds the designated limits of proportional guidance coverage.
Chapter 3 Annex 10 — Aeronautical Communications
3-81 23/11/06
3.11.4.6.2.5.1 Clearance guidance information shall be provided by transmitting pairs of pulses within the angle scan
time slots. One pair shall consist of one pulse adjacent to the start time of the scanning beam TO scan and one pulse adjacent
to the stop time of the FRO scan. A second pair shall consist of one pulse adjacent to the stop time of the scanning beam TO
scan, and one pulse adjacent to the start time of the FRO scan. The fly-right clearance pulses shall represent positive angles
and the fly-left clearance pulses shall represent negative angles. The duration of each clearance pulse shall be
50 microseconds with a tolerance of plus or minus 5 microseconds. The transmitter switching time between the clearance
pulses and the scanning beam transmissions shall not exceed 10 microseconds. The rise time at the edge of each clearance
pulse not adjacent to the scanning beam shall be less than 10 microseconds.
3.11.4.6.2.5.2 The signal-in-space characteristics of the clearance guidance pulses shall be as follows:
a) within the fly-right clearance guidance sector, the fly-right clearance guidance signal shall exceed the scanning
beam side lobes and all other guidance and out-of-coverage indication signals by at least 5 dB;
b) within the fly-left clearance guidance sector, the fly-left clearance guidance signal shall exceed the scanning beam
side lobes and all other guidance and out-of-coverage indication signals by at least 5 dB;
c) within the proportional guidance sector, the clearance guidance signals shall be at least 5 dB below the scanning
beam main lobe.
3.11.4.6.2.5.3 The power density of the clearance signal shall be as required in 3.11.4.10.1.
Note 1.— Attachment G, 2.3.4 contains guidance information on the following:
a) clearance and scanning beam timing arrangements;
b) pulse envelopes in the transition regions between clearance and scanning beam signals;
c) clearance (fly-right/fly-left) convention changes.
Note 2.— The proportional coverage limits are transmitted in basic data as specified in 3.11.4.8.2.
3.11.4.7 Elevation guidance functions
3.11.4.7.1 Scanning conventions. For the approach elevation function, increasing elevation guidance angles shall be in
the upward direction. Zero elevation angle shall coincide with a horizontal plane through the respective antenna phase centre.
Each guidance angle transmission shall consist of a TO scan followed by a FRO scan. The TO scan shall be in the direction
of increasing angle values.
3.11.4.7.2 Sector signal. Provision for transmission of one out-of-coverage indication pulse shall be made in the format
for the approach elevation function. Where an out-of-coverage indication pulse is used, it shall be: (1) greater than any
guidance signal in the out-of-coverage indication sector and (2) at least 5 dB less than the guidance signals within the
guidance sector. The elevation out-of-coverage indication timing shall be as shown in Appendix A, Table A-4. The duration
of each pulse measured at the half amplitude points shall be at least 100 microseconds, and the rise and fall times shall be less
than 10 microseconds.
3.11.4.7.2.1 If desired, it shall be permissible to sequentially transmit two pulses in each obstacle clearance indication
time slot. Where pulse pairs are used, the duration of each pulse shall be at least 50 microseconds, and the rise and fall times
　
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