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interrogator designer (see 3.5.3.6.2).
3.5.3.6.4 The characteristics of the “associated” signal shall be as follows:
a) when associated with a VHF or an MLS angle facility, the identification shall be transmitted in the form of dots and
dashes (International Morse Code) as in 3.5.3.6.3 and shall be synchronized with the VHF facility identification
code;
b) each 40-second interval shall be divided into four or more equal periods, with the transponder identification
transmitted during one period only and the associated VHF and MLS angle facility identification, where these are
provided, transmitted during the remaining periods;
c) for a DME transponder associated with an MLS, the identification shall be the last three letters of the MLS angle
facility identification specified in 3.11.4.6.2.1.
3.5.3.6.5 Identification implementation
3.5.3.6.5.1 The “independent” identification code shall be employed wherever a transponder is not specifically
associated with a VHF navigational facility or an MLS facility.
3.5.3.6.5.2 Wherever a transponder is specifically associated with a VHF navigational facility or an MLS facility,
identification shall be provided by the “associated” code.
3.5.3.6.5.3 When voice communications are being radiated on an associated VHF navigational facility, an “associated”
signal from the transponder shall not be suppressed.
Annex 10 — Aeronautical Communications Volume I
23/11/06 3-44
3.5.3.7 DME/P mode transition
3.5.3.7.1 The DME/P interrogator for standard 1 accuracy shall change from IA mode track to FA mode track at 13 km
(7 NM) from the transponder when approaching the transponder, or any other situation when within 13 km (7 NM).
3.5.3.7.2 For standard 1 accuracy, the transition from IA mode to FA mode track operation may be initiated within
14.8 m (8 NM) from the transponder. Outside 14.8 km (8 NM), the interrogator shall not interrogate in the FA mode.
Note.— Paragraph 3.5.3.7.1 does not apply if the transponder is a DME/N or if the DME/P transponder FA mode is
inoperative.
3.5.3.8 System efficiency. The DME/P system accuracy of 3.5.3.1.3.4 shall be achieved with a system efficiency of
50 per cent or more.
3.5.4 Detailed technical characteristics of transponder and associated monitor
3.5.4.1 Transmitter
3.5.4.1.1 Frequency of operation. The transponder shall transmit on the reply frequency appropriate to the assigned
DME channel (see 3.5.3.3.3).
3.5.4.1.2 Frequency stability. The radio frequency of operation shall not vary more than plus or minus 0.002 per cent
from the assigned frequency.
3.5.4.1.3 Pulse shape and spectrum. The following shall apply to all radiated pulses:
a) Pulse rise time.
1) DME/N. Pulse rise time shall not exceed 3 microseconds.
2) DME/P. Pulse rise time shall not exceed 1.6 microseconds. For the FA mode, the pulse shall have a partial rise
time of 0.25 plus or minus 0.05 microsecond. With respect to the FA mode and accuracy standard 1, the slope
of the pulse in the partial rise time shall not vary by more than plus or minus 20 per cent. For accuracy standard
2, the slope shall not vary by more than plus or minus 10 per cent.
3) DME/P. Recommendation.— Pulse rise time should not exceed 1.2 microseconds.
b) Pulse duration shall be 3.5 microseconds plus or minus 0.5 microsecond.
c) Pulse decay time shall nominally be 2.5 microseconds but shall not exceed 3.5 microseconds.
d) The instantaneous amplitude of the pulse shall not, at any instant between the point of the leading edge which is
95 per cent of maximum amplitude and the point of the trailing edge which is 95 per cent of the maximum
amplitude, fall below a value which is 95 per cent of the maximum voltage amplitude of the pulse.
e) For DME/N and DME/P: the spectrum of the pulse modulated signal shall be such that during the pulse the effective
radiated power contained in a 0.5 MHz band centred on frequencies 0.8 MHz above and 0.8 MHz below the nominal
channel frequency in each case shall not exceed 200 mW, and the effective radiated power contained in a 0.5 MHz
band centred on frequencies 2 MHz above and 2 MHz below the nominal channel frequency in each case shall not
exceed 2 mW. The effective radiated power contained within any 0.5 MHz band shall decrease monotonically as the
band centre frequency moves away from the nominal channel frequency.
Chapter 3 Annex 10 — Aeronautical Communications
3-45 23/11/06
Note.— Guidance material relating to the pulse spectrum measurement is provided in Attachment C,
Section 7.1.11.
f) To ensure proper operation of the thresholding techniques, the instantaneous magnitude of any pulse turn-on
transients which occur in time prior to the virtual origin shall be less than one per cent of the pulse peak amplitude.
　
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