曝光臺 注意防騙 網曝天貓店富美金盛家居專營店坑蒙拐騙欺詐消費者

and staff training for these
procedures to be applied safely and
seamlessly. Collaborative decision-making
is the buzzword here. Some air navigation
service providers are co-located, i.e.
military controllers work side by side with
civil controllers, which eases the required
cooperation and coordination.
A major challenge at political and strategic
level is the establishment of functional
airspace blocks (FABs). While they
reduce fragmentation, their establishment
is linked to a number of organisational,
legal and financial issues that need to be
agreed at the highest level. As might have
been expected, the “2008 Evaluation of
FAB Initiatives” made by the Performance
Review Commission (PRC) has shown
that “most significant progress has taken
place where there was a strong involve-
A balanced ATM performance:
the civil-military view
Skyway 51 - Spring 2009 17
ment of all key stakeholders (States,
staff, military and airspace users) as well
as cooperation between NSAs1.”
At tactical level, real-time coordination
between civil and military units
should contribute to economic use of
the shared resource. Another report
commissioned by the PRC in 2007 on
the evaluation of civil/military airspace
use resulted in one key finding on realtime
coordination: “Civil/military coordination
for tactical ATC and ASM needs
to be raised to best-practice levels,
especially in European core area. Best
practices include co-location/integration
of civil and military ATC units, use
of identical/highly interoperable civil and
military systems.”
This PRC-commissioned report also
recommended the definition of performance
indicators, e.g. to measure
airspace booking versus actual airspace
use and, consequently, civil use of
released airspace. The Directorate of
Civil/Military ATM Coordination is in
the process of drawing up a roadmap
for key performance indicators and is,
together with other EUROCONTROL
units, developing a tool called PRISMIL,
which will quantify performance data
and share them network-wide. This
goes hand-in-hand with the development
of another project, known
as LARA (Local and Regional ASM
Support Tool), which is intended to
optimise airspace planning between
civil and military users.
Inefficiencies in airspace organisation,
airspace management and actual use
of airspace will inevitably downgrade
flight efficiency and thus the capacity
of the network – with economic and
ecological side effects: unnecessary
fuel burn and unnecessary emissions.
The optimisation of flight efficiency
should therefore be seen as a collective
effort. Airspace design, airspace planning,
airspace management and airspace
use are separate, but interlinked, ATM
functions addressed by the flexible use
of airspace (FUA) concept. The early
days of FUA date back to 1992, when
Europe was facing a mismatch between
demand and capacity, much as it is
now.
While FUA continues to be applied
every day, its conceptual foundations
have been reinforced by the airspace
regulation of the Single European
Sky initiative, which calls for a more
integrated management of airspace,
complemented by the development
of new ATM concepts and procedures.
Development issues will be
addressed as part of SESAR, where
EUROCONTROL is responsible for civilmilitary
coordination on R&D aspects
and, with the support of some highlevel
national military participation in
the Administrative Board of the SESAR
Joint Undertaking, tries to ensure that
the SESAR work programme properly
reflects the needs for civil-military
interoperability plus the integration of
the military mission trajectory in the
overall SESAR concept of operations.
There is a saying: A mile of road takes
you nowhere. A mile of runway takes
you everywhere. Today’s aviation is
characterised by an excess of demand
for that mile of runway. This situation
calls for a transparent approach,
involving all partners. n
Some air navigation service
providers are co-located,
i.e. military controllers
work side by side with civil
controllers, which eases the
required cooperation and
coordination.
1- Natonal
Supervisory
Authorities
Focus
18
Gregory De Clercq, Airport ATS Expert and Manager of the Airport Capacity
Enhancement Project, describes how this EUROCONTROL project is
　
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本文鏈接地址：Skyway Magazine Spring 2009(12)