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The bleed air leak detection system is divided into eight zones for EICAS presentation:
- Left bleed duct
- Right bleed duct
- Left wing anti-ice duct
- Right wing anti-ice duct
- Right pylon duct
- Left pylon duct
- Pack ducts
- Trim air ducts
COMPONENTS AND OPERATION
SINGLE LOOPS
Single loops are used for left and right bleed ducts and trim air ducts.
DUAL-SENSING LOOPS
Dual-sensing loops are used to monitor the following:
- Bleed air ducts in the engine pylons
- Bleed air ducts in the aft equipment bay
- Anti-ice ducts in the aft equipment bay
- Anti-ice ducts in the wing leading edges.
The dual-loop system minimizes false leak indications, and allows the aircraft to be dispatched under certain conditions
with one loop inoperative. A loop FAIL indicates both loops inoperative. A loop FAULT indicates one loop inoperative.
BLEED AIR AND ANTI-ICE DUCTS
The bleed air ducts are constructed of stainless steel, titanium or aluminum and wrapped with insulation. A series of vent
holes in the duct covers direct escaping bleed air to the sensing loops in the event of a bleed air leak.
AIR CONDITIONING/PRESSURIZATION
Sep 13/2004 Flight Crew Operating Manual Volume 2
REV 1 CSP 100-6 02-03-01
TRIM AIR SYSTEM
DESCRIPTION
The trim air system provides auxiliary pressurization and temperature control in the event of complete loss of the air conditioning
pack. It provides hot trim air for normal cabin temperature control and cabin pressurization.
COMPONENTS AND OPERATION
The subsystem is comprised of trim air ducting, two hot air regulating shutoff valves (HARSOV), two hot air check valves
(HACKV), and three trim air injectors. Most of the components are located in the aft equipment bay.
The trim air system ducts the air from the precooler outlet (trim air side) towards two lines, one feeding the cabin low pressure
distribution line and one feeding the cockpit low pressure distribution line, respectively, through two trim air injectors
for the cabin supply, and one trim air injector for the cockpit supply. Each of these lines is fitted with one HARSOV, which
modulates the hot air flow to adjust the air supply temperature to ensure temperature control. The valves are fitted on the
trim air ducts in the unpressurized aft equipment bay.
The HACKVs are used to isolate the pressurized area of the aircraft from the unpressurized rear bay of the aircraft to prevent
cabin decompression in the case of a trim air supply duct failure. The HACKs are located just down stream from the
trim air bulkhead.
AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM
DESCRIPTION
The air conditioning system uses hot pressurized bleed air to create a controlled atmosphere within the aircraft. Pressurized
air from either the engines, the APU, or a ground cart is used to control the temperature within the aircraft. The pressurized
air is sent through an air cycle machine (PACK) which cools the air to just above freezing. This cold air is then mixed with
hot trim air to provide conditioned air at the desired temperature. Two integrated air system controllers (IASC) control a
series of bleed air valves, flow control valves, the air cycle machine, the trim air valves, and the ram air regulating valve.
The IASCs also control the bleed leak detection, wing anti-ice and cabin pressurization functions.
Independent temperature control systems for the COCKPIT and CABIN can be controlled in both automatic and manual
modes from the AIR COND/BLEED control panel located on the center pedestal.
COMPONENTS AND OPERATION
INTEGRATED AIR SYSTEM CONTROLLERS
Two integrated air system controllers (IASCs) monitor and control the air conditioning systems.
Each controller has two channels, A and B. Channel A is dedicated to air conditioning control and monitoring, avionics
cooling and cabin pressurization. Channel B is dedicated to wing anti-ice control and monitoring, bleed leak detection and
limited backup control of the air conditioning system. IASC 1 channel B also has a backup cabin pressure sensor.
REV 1
AIR CONDITIONING/PRESSURIZATION
Volume 2 Flight Crew Operating Manual Sep 13/2004
02-03-02 CSP 100-6 REV 1
AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM (Cont)
AIR CONDITIONING PACK
The air conditioning pack (PACK) provides conditioned air for the fuselage compartments by decreasing the temperature
and water content of the bleed air used in the conditioning process.
The PACK is supplied with pre-cooled bleed air, for cabin air conditioning and cabin pressurization.
On leaving the precooler, bleed air is ducted into the PACK, at the primary heat exchanger inlet. The primary heat exchanger
is used to reduce bleed air temperature. On leaving the primary heat exchanger, the bleed air is directed into the compressor
　
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