Step 3. Determine DTA of second turn:
DTA = Turning Radius × Tangent (40°÷2) = 2.5 × 0.36 = 0.9 NM
Step 4. Add fix displacement tolerance:
1.0 + 0.9 = 1.9 NM
Step 5. Determine minimum total distance between waypoints by adding the dimension in
step 2 to the dimension in step 4:
Total distance waypoint to waypoint =
Minimum length of segment = 4.1 + 1.9 = 6 NM. See figure “d” above.
(2) Width.
(a) Where the segment begins at, or within, 30 NM from the ARP. See appendix 1, figure 3. 1 Primary Area: 2 miles on each side of the segment centerline. 2 Secondary Area: 1 mile on each side of the primary area.
(b) Where the segment begins or extends beyond 30 NM from the ARP. See appendix 1, figures 3 and 4.
1 Primary Area: 3 miles on each side of the segment centerline. 2 Secondary Area: 3 miles on each side of the primary area.
(c)
Once the departure segment expands to the respective primary and secondary area widths, the area widths remain constant, except for turn expansion areas, until reaching 30 NM from ARP, or the en route structure, whichever occurs first. See paragraph 14. At the 30 NM point from the ARP, the areas splay to the dimensions stated in paragraph 8b(2)(b), using the primary area 30° splay method. Using this method the secondary area splay lines begin and end abeam their corresponding primary area splay lines. See appendix 1, figure 3.
(d)
Crosstrack fix displacement tolerances need not be considered in the construction of the 7.5°, 15°, and 30° splay areas, with regard to possible overlap of the splay boundary.
c. Departure areas merging with en route airway structure.
(1) Fly-by WP’s.
(a)
When the departure merges with an airway and departure areas are 2 and 1 NM primary and secondary respectively, the areas do not require any turn expansion. See appendix 1, figure 5.
(b)
When the departure merges with an airway and the departure areas are 3 and 3 NM primary and secondary respectively, they require inside turn expansion. See appendix 1, figure 6.
(c)
When the departure merges with an airway and departure areas are splaying from 2 and 1 NM areas to 3 and 3 primary and secondary areas respectively, the splay of the outside boundary ends where the two courses intersect. Inside expansion is not required. See appendix 1, figure 7.
*Aircraft Turning and Fly-over Waypoint outer boundary radii(NM). (R1)
Aircraft Speeds (KIAS) 180 250 310
Below 10,000' MSL
Radii (R1) (NM) 2.5 4.2 NA
10,000' MSL and Above
Radii (R1) (NM) 3.4 5.5 7.7
*To determine the elevation for the application of this table, use the flight track distance to the WP applying the 200-foot per mile rule.
(2) Fly-over WP’s. When the departure area merges with an airway, outside turn expansion is required for all departure areas; i.e., 2 and 1 NM or 3 and 3 NM, primary and secondary areas. See appendix 1, figure 8.
9. TURN AREA EXPANSION. For turns greater than 15°, an expansion of the departure area is required. Expand obstacle clearance areas for turns of more than 15°. Provide inside expansion area for fly-by WP’s. See appendix 1, figures 9, 10, 11, and 12. Outside expansion is not required for fly-by WP’s. Establish outside expansion areas for fly-over WP’s. See appendix 1, figures 13 and 14. Inside expansion is not required for fly-over WP’s.
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