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Term of Validity Until April 5, 2002
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Total flight time 6,470 hours 54 minutes
Flight time during the previous 30 days 21 hours 25minutes
Total flight time on Airbus A320-200 3,050 hours 29 minutes
Flight time during the previous 30 days 21 hours 25minutes
(2) First Officer: Male, aged 31
Commercial Pilot License No.A315574
Type Rating
Airplane multiengine (land) Issued August 22, 1996
Airbus A320-200 Issued May 12, 2000
Instrument Rating No.7372
Issued August 22, 1996
Class 1 Airman Medical Certificate No.12651303
Term of Validity Until July 7, 2002
Total flight time 1,157 hours 00 minutes
Flight time during the previous 30 days 31 hours 24 minutes
Total flight time on Airbus A320-200 905 hours 00 minutes
Flight time during the previous 30 days 31 hours 24 minutes
2.5 Aircraft Information
2.5.1 The Aircraft
Type Airbus A320-200
Serial number. 685
Date of manufacture April 16, 1997
Certificate of Airworthiness Tou-10-586
Term of validity Until valid data of ANA Maintenance Program Manual
from October 28, 1998
Total flight time 10,067 hours 10 minutes
Flight time since scheduled maintenance
“4C” Check on December 25, 2001 2 hours 24 minutes
2.5.2 The Engines
Type: CFM International model CFM56-5A1
Serial number Date of manufacture Total time in service
No.1 731920 February 25, 1997 10,067 hours 10 minutes
No.2 731711 May 20, 1992 17,693 hours 21 minutes
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2.6 Meteorological Information
2.6.1 The aviation weather observations (METAR) provided by Toyama Airport located
approximately 75km southeast of the point at which the incident occurred were as
follows.
Time of Observation 11:00 JST 12:00 JST
Wind Direction 180 degrees VRB
Wind Speed 04 kt 03 kt
Visibility 30 km 30 km
Cloud amount 1/8 1/8
Cloud type cumulus cumulus
Height of cloud base 2,500 ft 2,500 ft
Cloud amount 3/8 6/8
Cloud type stratocumulus altocumulus
Height of cloud base 6,000 ft 10,000 ft
Cloud amount 6/8 ---
Cloud type altocumulus ---
Height of cloud base 9,000 ft ---
Temperature 5°C 7°C
Dew point –1°C –3°C
QNH 30.20 inHg 30.16 inHg
2.6.2 According to the statements of the flight crew, Visual Meteorological Conditions were
prevailing at the altitude and in the vicinity of the point of occurrence of the serious incident.
Also, there was approximately 3/8 cloud cover at around 20,000ft in the vicinity of the Noto
Peninsula, but the ground was visible.
2.7 Information on the Aircraft Recorders
The said aircraft was equipped with an Allied Signal model 980-4700-003 Digital Flight
Data Recorder (DFDR), and a Fairchild model A200S Cockpit Voice Recorder (CVR) on
which voices and sounds in the cockpit are recorded and stored for two hours.
The DFDR and CVR recorded all data from the time the said aircraft departed Niigata
Airport until it landed at Osaka International Airport.
The recording on the said aircraft’s QAR (Quick Access Recorder) was also used to obtain data
not recorded by the DFDR.
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2.8 Tests and Research to Find Facts
2.8.1 Safety Valve Overview
The cabin pressurization system of the Airbus A320 is designed to maintain a maximum
cabin altitude of 8,000ft (approximately 11.03psi) when the aircraft is cruising at high
altitude by controlling the opening and closing of an outflow valve. Further, it is designed to
limit the differential pressure between the cabin pressure and the ambient pressure to a
maximum of 8.06psi.
In addition, the set of two safety valves is installed on the aft pressure bulkhead to
protect the aircraft structure in case of that such the malfunction of pressurization system
as unable to be controlled by the outflow valve may occur. These safety valves are
pneumatic valves consisting of two chambers and control part.
As shown in Figure 4, if the cabin pressure rises such that the differential between the cabin
pressure and the ambient pressure exceeds a specified limit (positive pressure), the
diaphragm (⑧ in Figure 4) in the control valve moves to the right, the gate ③ of the safety
valve opens and the cabin pressure is relieved. On the other hand, if the cabin pressure
becomes less than the ambient pressure (negative pressure), the gate ③ of the safety valve
opens by the opening of a poppet valve ⑪ in the cabin chamber, and the differential pressure
between the inside and outside of the cabin is regulated within the specified limits.
(See Figures 4 and 6 and Pictures 1 and 2.)
Reference: The relationship between Altitude and Standard Atmospheric Pressure
At Sea Level: 1 atmosphere (approx. 14.70psi, 1013hPa)
　
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