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Washington
ZDC
Cleveland
ZOB
New York
ZNY
Boston
ZBW
Anchorage
ZAN
Honolulu CERAP
ZHN
Guam CERAP
ZUA
San Juan CERAP
ZSU
21 ARTCCs
3 CERAPs (combined Center RAPCONs)
7
13
Airspace Orientation
FL 230 & Below
Fort Worth ARTCC
18 Low Altitude Sectors
14
Airspace Orientation
FL 240 & Above
Fort Worth ARTCC
15 High Altitude Sectors
LBB
MAF
8
15
Super High Sectors
High Sectors
Low Sectors
Approach
Control
FL350 and above
FL240 to FL330
VFR TWR
or
Uncontrolled
FL230 and below
16
TRACON Video Map
9
17
TRACON SECTOR
DELEGATED AIRSPACE
TRACON Sector Delegated Airspace
18
Special Use Airspace
u Alert Area
u Air Traffic Control
Assigned Airspace
u Controlled Firing Area
u Military Operating Area
u Prohibited Area
u Restricted Area
u Warning Area
10
19
Possum Specialty
Glen Rose Specialty
Bowie
Specialty
Cedar Creek
Specialty
Quitman
Specialty
Bonham
Specialty
Frisco
Specialty
Facility Organization
Fort Worth ARTCC
7 Areas of Specialization
20
Center Controllers
u Each sector has a team of 1 to 3 controllers assigned
F safely and efficiently move traffic along their planned routes
F merge, setup flights for delivery to next facility
F must get/give permission to hand-off/receive aircraft
u In quiet periods, contiguous sectors may be combined
u Each Area has an Area Supervisor
u In Traffic Management Unit, Traffic Management
Coordinators make strategic decisions about flows
F eg, based on weather and available runways, set TRACON
arrival rates (aircraft/hour)
F coordinate flow parameters with adjacent facilities
11
21
ARTCC ATC Positions
RADAR or
“R” Position
Assistant
or ATA
Position
Radar Associate or
“D” Position
Hand-off/
Tracker
Position
u Teamwork
u Flexibility
u Technique
22
Sector Workstation
12
23
Traffic Management Unit
(with CTAS)
24
Display System Replacement (DSR)
Console
13
25
En Route Full Data Block
AAL278
330C
068 500
Position Symbol
Beacon Target
Aircraft
Identification
Ground Speed
Mode ‘C’ Altitude
X100
Leader Line
Computer
Identification
Number
Vector Line
Histories
26
Radar Targets/Symbols
u Flat track
u Free track
u Coast track
u Primary target
u Secondary target
F Correlated target
F Non-correlated target
*
#
(Radar updates every 10-12 seconds)
14
27
Center Radar Display
CO 123
350C
B757 310
Slide courtesy of Prof. J. Hansman
28
Example Scenario
DFW Airport
Arrival Meter Fix
DFW Arrivals
DFW Departures
Overflights in Cruise
flight plan
routes
En Route Sector Boundaries
TRACON Boundary
15
29
ATM Functional Structure
Aircraft Aircraft State
Guidance and
Navigation
AC State
Sensor
Sector
Traffic
Control
Traffic
Sensor
Vectors
Clearances
Sector
Traffic
Planning
National
Flow
Planning
Approved
Flight
Plans
Approved
Handoffs
Desired
Sector
Loads
Clearance
Requests
Other Aircraft
States
Flight
Planning
Weather
Flight
Schedule
Filed
Flight
Plans
Negotiate
Handoffs
Schedule of
Capacities
hrs - day 5-20 min 5 min < 5 min
Facility
Flow
Planning
hrs
Execution - Tactical Level
Planning - Strategic Level
Airline CFMU TMU D-side R-side
Pilot
Planned
Flow
Rates
Clearance
Requests
Measurement
Real State
Plan/Intent
Requests
AOC
Efficiency Throughput
Increasing Criticality Level
Safety
Slide courtesy of Prof. J. Hansman
30
SF Bay Area - East Flow
Slide courtesy of Prof. J. Hansman
16
31
SF Bay Area - West Flow
Slide courtesy of Prof. J. Hansman
32
Capacity Limit Factors
u Airport Capacity
F Runways
F Gates
　
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